> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://developer.harness.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://developer.harness.io/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/run-tests/tests-v1/ti-for-csharp.md).

# Use Run Tests step for C\#

Set up TI for C# applications with .NET Core or NUnit.

{% hint style="warning" %}
This page contains instructions for using Test Intelligence (v1) with the **Run Tests** step.

While **Run Tests** step remains backwards compatible, Harness recommends using the newer [**Test** ](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/run-tests/tests-v2.md)step (Test Intelligence v2) for simplified user experience.
{% endhint %}

### Enable TI for C# <a href="#enable-ti-for-c" id="enable-ti-for-c"></a>

{% hint style="info" %}

* To use TI for C#, you must use .NET Core or NUnit.
* Test Intelligence requires that the code is cloned into the default workspace directory, `/harness/`. If the code is placed elsewhere, Test Intelligence will not function correctly.
  {% endhint %}

You can enable TI for C# in three steps:

1. [Add the Run Tests step.](#add-the-run-tests-step)
2. [Trigger test selection.](#trigger-test-selection)
3. [(Optional) Add test splitting.](#add-test-splitting)

#### Add the Run Tests step <a href="#add-the-run-tests-step" id="add-the-run-tests-step"></a>

Add the **Run Tests** step to the [Build stage](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/set-up-build-infrastructure/ci-stage-settings.md) in a [CI pipeline](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/prep-ci-pipeline-components.md).

You must select **Run only selected tests** (`runOnlySelectedTests: true`) to enable Test Intelligence. For information about each setting, go to [Run Tests step settings](#run-tests-step-settings).

```yaml
- step:
    type: RunTests
    identifier: runTestsWithIntelligence
    name: runTestsWithIntelligence
    spec:
      connectorRef: YOUR_IMAGE_REGISTRY_CONNECTOR
      image: mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:6.0 ## Specify if required by your build infrastructure.
      language: Csharp
      buildEnvironment: Core
      frameworkVersion: "6.0"
      buildTool: Dotnet ## Specify Dotnet or Nunit.
      args: --no-build --verbosity normal ## Equivalent to 'dotnet test --no-build --verbosity normal' in a Run step or shell.
      namespaces: aw,fc
      runOnlySelectedTests: true ## Must be 'true' to enable TI.
      preCommand: |-
        dotnet tool install -g trx2junit
        export PATH="$PATH:/root/.dotnet/tools"
        dotnet restore
        dotnet build
      postCommand: trx2junit results.trx
      reports: ## Reports must be in JUnit XML format.
        type: JUnit
        spec:
          paths:
            - results.xml
```

For additional YAML examples, go to [Pipeline YAML examples](#pipeline-yaml-examples)

#### Trigger test selection <a href="#trigger-test-selection" id="trigger-test-selection"></a>

After adding the **Run Tests** step, trigger test selection. **You need to run your pipeline twice to trigger test selection.**

<details>

<summary>Trigger test selection with a webhook trigger (Recommended)</summary>

1. If your pipeline doesn't already have one, [add a webhook trigger](/harness-platform/3.0/harness-platform-resources/triggers/triggering-pipelines.md) that listens for **Pull Request** or **Push** events in your [codebase](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/codebase-configuration/create-and-configure-a-codebase.md).
2. Activate the trigger by opening a PR or pushing changes to your codebase, and then wait while the build runs. You can monitor the build's progress on the [Build details page](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/viewing-builds.md).

   If you created a PR, merge the PR after the build runs.
3. To trigger test selection, activate the trigger again (by opening a PR or pushing changes to your codebase).

   The first run with TI *doesn't* apply test selection, because Harness must establish a baseline for comparison in future runs. After establishing a baseline, each time this pipeline runs, Harness can select relevant tests to run based on the content of the code changes.
4. Wait while the build runs, and then [review the test results and test selection](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/run-tests/viewing-tests.md). If you created a PR, merge the PR after the build runs.

</details>

<details>

<summary>Trigger test selection with a manual build</summary>

1. Open a PR or push changes to your pipeline's [codebase](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/codebase-configuration/create-and-configure-a-codebase.md), and then run your pipeline.

   If you opened a PR, select **Git Pull Request** for **Build Type**, and enter the PR number.

   If you pushed changes, select **Git Branch** for **Build Type**, and then enter the branch name.
2. Wait while the build runs. You can monitor the build's progress on the [Build details page](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/viewing-builds.md).

   If you created a PR, merge the PR after the build runs.
3. To trigger test selection, open a new PR (or push changes) to your codebase, and then run your pipeline again.

   The first run with TI *doesn't* apply test selection, because Harness must establish a baseline for comparison in future runs. After establishing a baseline, each time this pipeline runs, Harness can select relevant tests to run based on the content of the code changes.
4. Wait while the build runs, and then [review the test results and test selection](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/run-tests/viewing-tests.md). If you created a PR, merge the PR after the build runs.

</details>

{% hint style="info" %}
**WHY DO I HAVE TO RUN THE PIPELINE TWICE?**

The first time you run a pipeline after adding the Run Test step, Harness creates a baseline for test selection in future builds. Test selection *isn't* applied to this run because Harness has no baseline against which to compare changes and select tests. You'll start seeing test selection and time savings on the second run after adding the Run Tests step.
{% endhint %}

#### Add test splitting <a href="#add-test-splitting" id="add-test-splitting"></a>

Once you start saving time with test selection, you can further optimize test times by [enabling parallelism (test splitting) for TI](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/run-tests/tests-v1/ti-test-splitting.md).

You can also configure TI to [ignore tests or files](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/run-tests/ti-overview.md#ignore-tests-or-files).

### Pipeline YAML examples <a href="#pipeline-yaml-examples" id="pipeline-yaml-examples"></a>

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Harness Cloud" %}
This example shows a pipeline that uses Harness Cloud build infrastructure and runs tests on C# with .NET Core and Test Intelligence.

```yaml
pipeline:
  name: Test Intelligence Demo
  identifier: testintelligencedemo
  projectIdentifier: default
  orgIdentifier: default
  properties:
    ci:
      codebase:
        build: <+input>
        connectorRef: YOUR_CODEBASE_CONNECTOR_ID
  stages:
    - stage:
        type: CI
        identifier: Build_and_Test
        name: Build and Test
        spec:
          cloneCodebase: true
          execution:
            steps:
              - step:
                  type: RunTests
                  identifier: runTestsWithIntelligence
                  name: runTestsWithIntelligence
                  spec:
                    language: Csharp
                    buildEnvironment: Core
                    frameworkVersion: "6.0"
                    buildTool: Dotnet ## Specify Dotnet or Nunit.
                    args: --no-build --verbosity normal ## Equivalent to 'dotnet test --no-build --verbosity normal' in a Run step or shell.
                    namespaces: aw,fc
                    runOnlySelectedTests: true ## Must be 'true' to enable TI.
                    preCommand: |-
                      dotnet tool install -g trx2junit
                      export PATH="$PATH:/root/.dotnet/tools"
                      dotnet restore
                      dotnet build
                    postCommand: trx2junit results.trx
                    reports: ## Reports must be in JUnit XML format.
                      type: JUnit
                      spec:
                        paths:
                          - results.xml
          platform:
            arch: Amd64
            os: Linux
          runtime:
            spec: {}
            type: Cloud
```

{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Self-managed" %}
This example shows a pipeline that uses a Kubernetes cluster build infrastructure and runs tests on C# with .NET Core and Test Intelligence.

```yaml
pipeline:
  name: Test Intelligence Demo
  identifier: testintelligencedemo
  projectIdentifier: default
  orgIdentifier: default
  properties:
    ci:
      codebase:
        build: <+input>
        connectorRef: YOUR_CODEBASE_CONNECTOR_ID
  stages:
    - stage:
        type: CI
        identifier: Build_and_Test
        name: Build and Test
        spec:
          cloneCodebase: true
          execution:
            steps:
              - step:
                  type: RunTests
                  identifier: runTestsWithIntelligence
                  name: runTestsWithIntelligence
                  spec:
                    connectorRef: YOUR_IMAGE_REGISTRY_CONNECTOR
                    image: mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:6.0 ## Specify if required by your build infrastructure.
                    language: Csharp
                    buildEnvironment: Core
                    frameworkVersion: "6.0"
                    buildTool: Dotnet ## Specify Dotnet or Nunit.
                    args: --no-build --verbosity normal ## Equivalent to 'dotnet test --no-build --verbosity normal' in a Run step or shell.
                    namespaces: aw,fc
                    runOnlySelectedTests: true ## Must be 'true' to enable TI.
                    preCommand: |-
                      dotnet tool install -g trx2junit
                      export PATH="$PATH:/root/.dotnet/tools"
                      dotnet restore
                      dotnet build
                    postCommand: trx2junit results.trx
                    reports: ## Reports must be in JUnit XML format.
                      type: JUnit
                      spec:
                        paths:
                          - results.xml
          infrastructure:
            type: KubernetesDirect
            spec:
              connectorRef: YOUR_KUBERNETES_CLUSTER_CONNECTOR_ID
              namespace: YOUR_KUBERNETES_NAMESPACE
              automountServiceAccountToken: true
              nodeSelector: {}
              os: Linux
```

{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

### Run Tests step settings <a href="#run-tests-step-settings" id="run-tests-step-settings"></a>

The following information explains how to configure most settings for the **Run Tests** step. You might not need all settings for all scenarios; some settings are optional, and some settings are only available for specific languages, build tools, or build infrastructures.

#### Container Registry and Image <a href="#container-registry-and-image" id="container-registry-and-image"></a>

The build environment must have the necessary binaries for the **Run Tests** step to execute your test commands. Depending on the stage's build infrastructure, **Run Tests** steps can use binaries that exist in the build environment, or use **Container Registry** and **Image** to pull an image, such as a public or private Docker image, that contains the required binaries. You can also install tools at runtime in [Pre-Command](#pre-command-post-command-and-shell), provided the build machine or image can execute the necessary commands, such as `curl` commands to download files.

#### Language <a href="#language" id="language"></a>

Select **C#**.

#### Build Tool <a href="#build-tool" id="build-tool"></a>

Select the build automation tool: [DOTNET CLI](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/tools/) or [NUnit](https://nunit.org/).

#### Build Environment <a href="#build-environment" id="build-environment"></a>

Select the build environment to test.

#### Framework Version <a href="#framework-version" id="framework-version"></a>

Select the framework version to test.

#### Namespaces <a href="#namespaces" id="namespaces"></a>

You can supply a comma-separated list of namespace prefixes that you want to test.

#### Build Arguments <a href="#build-arguments" id="build-arguments"></a>

Enter commands to use as input or runtime arguments for the build tool. You don't need to repeat the build tool, such as `dotnet`; this is declared in **Build Tool**.

For .NET, provide runtime arguments for tests, such as `/path/to/test.dll /path/to/testProject.dll`.

For NUnit, provide runtime executables and arguments for tests, such as `. "path/to/nunit3-console.exe" path/to/TestProject.dll --result="UnitTestResults.xml" /path/to/testProject.dll`.

{% hint style="info" %}

* Harness expects `dll` injection. `csproj` isn't supported.
* Don't inject another instrumenting agent, such as a code coverage agent, in the `args` string.
* For NUnit, you must include both runtime arguments and executables in the `args` string.
  {% endhint %}

#### Test Report Paths <a href="#test-report-paths" id="test-report-paths"></a>

This setting is required for the Run Tests step to [publish test results](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/run-tests/viewing-tests.md).

Specify one or more paths to files that store [test results in JUnit XML format](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/run-tests/test-report-ref.md). [Glob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glob_\(programming\)) is supported.

You can add multiple paths. If you specify multiple paths, make sure the files contain unique tests to avoid duplicates.

#### Test Splitting (parallelism) <a href="#test-splitting-parallelism" id="test-splitting-parallelism"></a>

Used to [enable test splitting (parallelism) for TI](/continuous-integration/3.0/use-harness-ci/use-harness-ci/run-tests/tests-v1/ti-test-splitting.md).

#### Pre-Command, Post-Command, and Shell <a href="#pre-command-post-command-and-shell" id="pre-command-post-command-and-shell"></a>

* **Pre-Command:** You can enter commands for setting up the environment before running the tests, such as:

  ```
  dotnet tool install -g trx2junit
  export PATH="$PATH:/root/.dotnet/tools"
  dotnet restore
  dotnet build
  ```
* **Post-Command:** You can enter commands used for cleaning up the environment after running the tests, such as `trx2junit results.trx`.
* **Shell:** If you supplied a script in **Pre-command** or **Post-command**, select the corresponding shell script type.

#### Packages <a href="#packages" id="packages"></a>

This setting is required for C#. Provide a comma-separated list of source code package prefixes, such as `com.company., io.company.migrations`.

#### Run Only Selected Tests <a href="#run-only-selected-tests" id="run-only-selected-tests"></a>

This option must be selected (`true`) to enable Test Intelligence.

If this option is not selected (`false`), TI is disabled and all tests run on every build.

#### Test Globs <a href="#test-globs" id="test-globs"></a>

You can override the default test globs pattern. For example, if the default pattern is `**/*Tests.csproj`, you could override this with any other pattern, such as `**/*Test_*.cs`.

#### Environment Variables <a href="#environment-variables" id="environment-variables"></a>

You can inject environment variables into the step container and use them in the step's commands. You must input a **Name** and **Value** for each variable.

You can reference environment variables in the **Build Arguments**, **Pre-Command**, or **Post-Command** scripts by name, such as `$var_name`.

Variable values can be [fixed values, runtime inputs, or expressions](/harness-platform/3.0/harness-platform-resources/variables-and-expressions/runtime-inputs.md). For example, if the value type is expression, you can input a value that references the value of some other setting in the stage or pipeline.

{% hint style="info" %}
**STAGE VARIABLES**

[Stage variables](/harness-platform/3.0/harness-platform-resources/overview/overview.md) are inherently available to steps as environment variables.
{% endhint %}

#### Additional container settings <a href="#additional-container-settings" id="additional-container-settings"></a>

Settings specific to containers are not applicable in a stages that use VM or Harness Cloud build infrastructure.

**Image Pull Policy**

If you specified a [Container Registry and Image](#container-registry-and-image), you can specify an image pull policy:

* **Always:** The kubelet queries the container image registry to resolve the name to an image digest every time the kubelet launches a container. If the kubelet encounters an exact digest cached locally, it uses its cached image; otherwise, the kubelet downloads (pulls) the image with the resolved digest, and uses that image to launch the container.
* **If Not Present:** The image is pulled only if it isn't already present locally.
* **Never:** The image is not pulled.

**Run as User**

If you specified a [Container Registry and Image](#container-registry-and-image), you can specify the user ID to use for running processes in containerized steps.

For a Kubernetes cluster build infrastructure, the step uses this user ID to run all processes in the pod. For more information, go to [Set the security context for a pod](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/security-context/#set-the-security-context-for-a-pod).

**Privileged**

For container-based build infrastructures, you can enable this option to run the container with escalated privileges. This is equivalent to running a container with the Docker `--privileged` flag.

**Set Container Resources**

These settings specify the maximum resources used by the container at runtime. These setting are only available for container-based build infrastructures, such as a Kubernetes cluster build infrastructure.

* **Limit Memory:** The maximum memory that the container can use. You can express memory as a plain integer or as a fixed-point number using the suffixes `G` or `M`. You can also use the power-of-two equivalents `Gi` and `Mi`. The default is `500Mi`.
* **Limit CPU:** The maximum number of cores that the container can use. CPU limits are measured in CPU units. Fractional requests are allowed. For example, you can specify one hundred millicpu as `0.1` or `100m`. The default is `400m`. For more information go to [Resource units in Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/#resource-units-in-kubernetes).

#### Timeout <a href="#timeout" id="timeout"></a>

The timeout limit for the step. Once the timeout is reached, the step fails and pipeline execution proceeds according to any [Step Failure Strategy settings](/harness-platform/3.0/harness-platform-resources/overview/strategy/on-failure.md) or [Step Skip Condition settings](/harness-platform/3.0/harness-platform-resources/overview/strategy/conditional-execution.md).

### Troubleshoot Test Intelligence <a href="#troubleshoot-test-intelligence" id="troubleshoot-test-intelligence"></a>

Go to the [CI Knowledge Base](/continuous-integration/3.0/troubleshooting-and-resources/ci-articles-and-faqs/continuous-integration-faqs.md) for questions and issues related to Test Intelligence, including:

* [Does Test Intelligence split tests? Can I use parallelism with Test Intelligence?](/continuous-integration/3.0/troubleshooting-and-resources/ci-articles-and-faqs/continuous-integration-faqs.md#does-test-intelligence-split-tests-why-would-i-use-test-splitting-with-test-intelligence)
* [Test Intelligence call graph is empty.](/continuous-integration/3.0/troubleshooting-and-resources/ci-articles-and-faqs/continuous-integration-faqs.md#on-the-tests-tab-the-test-intelligence-call-graph-is-empty-and-says-no-call-graph-is-created-when-all-tests-are-run)
* [If the Run Tests step fails, does the Post-Command script run?](/continuous-integration/3.0/troubleshooting-and-resources/ci-articles-and-faqs/continuous-integration-faqs.md#if-the-run-tests-step-fails-does-the-post-command-script-run)
* [Test Intelligence fails with error 'Unable to get changed files list'.](/continuous-integration/3.0/troubleshooting-and-resources/ci-articles-and-faqs/continuous-integration-faqs.md#test-intelligence-fails-with-error-unable-to-get-changed-files-list)

{% @harness-feedback/feedback %}