Environment Blueprints in Harness IDP

Last updated on Jun 22, 2026

This page covers the complete YAML schema for defining an Environment Blueprint. For a conceptual overview, go to Overview & Key Concepts. To create a blueprint through the UI, go to Create an Environment Blueprint.

Environment blueprint YAML

An Environment Blueprint is defined using a declarative YAML format. The YAML structure defines infrastructure templates, services, dependencies, and lifecycle management for environments.

Core components

An environment blueprint YAML has the following core components:

1. API Definition

apiVersion: Always harness.io/v1 for Environment Blueprints
kind: Must be EnvironmentBlueprint
name: Human-readable name for the blueprint
identifier: Unique identifier for the blueprint (auto-generated)
owner: Access control specification (group or user)

2. Specification (spec)

entities: List of infrastructure, service components and other entities
inputs: User-configurable parameters for the blueprint

apiVersion: harness.io/v1
kind: EnvironmentBlueprint
type: ''
name: <blueprint-name>
identifier: <blueprint-identifier>
owner: group:account/_account_all_users
spec:
  entities: []
  inputs: {}

Entity specification

Each entity in an Environment Blueprint represents a component (infrastructure or service) that will be provisioned or deployed. Entities are the building blocks that define what gets created and how they interact with each other.

Entity structure

Each entity in the blueprint is composed of 2 main parts:

1. Backend - Describes the lifecycle implementation of the entity

Defines how the entity is provisioned, deployed, or managed
Specifies the backend type (HarnessIACM for infrastructure, Catalog or HarnessCD for services). Go to Backend Types to learn more.
Contains configuration values and operational steps

2. Interface - Defines how the entity relates to other entities specified in the blueprint

Declares dependencies on other entities
Specifies entity-level user-configurable inputs
Defines the entity's interaction model

entities:
- identifier: <entity-name>
  interface:              # How entity relates to others
    dependencies: []      # List of entities this depends on
    inputs: {}           # User-configurable parameters
  backend:                # Lifecycle implementation
    type: <backend-type>  # HarnessIACM, Catalog, or HarnessCD
    values: {}           # Configuration and settings
    steps: {}            # Operational steps (for IaCM)

Entity parameters

Parameter	Type	Description	Example
`identifier`	string	Unique name for the entity within the blueprint	`namespace`, `frontend`, `backend`
`interface`	object	Defines entity relationships and user inputs	See Interface Parameters below
`backend`	object	Defines the lifecycle implementation of the entity	See Backend Parameters below

Interface Parameters

Parameter	Type	Description	Example
`dependencies`	array	List of entity identifiers this entity depends on	`[{"identifier": "namespace"}]`
`inputs`	object	User-configurable parameters with types and defaults at the entity level	`{"replicas": {"type": "integer", "default": 1}}`

Backend Parameters

Parameter	Type	Description	Example
`type`	string	Backend type for entity provisioning	`HarnessIACM`, `Catalog`, `HarnessCD`
`values`	object	Configuration settings specific to the backend type	Varies by backend type
`steps`	object	Operational steps for lifecycle management (IaCM only)	`{"create": {"template": "MyTemplate"}}`

Backend types

Environment Blueprints support three main backend types:

1. HarnessIACM backend (infrastructure)

Used for provisioning infrastructure resources using Infrastructure as Code Management.

In this definition, backend.type is set to HarnessIACM.

YAML Structure

entities:
- identifier: namespace
  backend:
    type: HarnessIACM
    values:
      workspace: Namespace-${{env.config.name}}
    steps:
      create:
        template: TempNamespace  # Workspace Template ID
        version: '1'
      apply:
        pipeline: DefaultProvision  # Provision pipeline ID
        variables:
          name: temp-${{env.config.name}}
      destroy:
        pipeline: DefaultDestroy  # Destroy pipeline ID
        variables:
          name: temp-${{env.config.name}}
      delete: {}
      pause: {}
      resume: {}

HarnessIACM Backend Parameters (backend.values)

Parameter	Type	Description	Example
`workspace`	string	Workspace name for IaCM operations	`Namespace-${{env.config.name}}`

HarnessIACM Backend Steps (backend.steps)

Step	Required	Description	Parameters
`apply`	Yes	Provisions infrastructure with "upsert" behavior - creates initially and updates on changes	`pipeline`, `variables`
`destroy`	Yes	Destroys previously provisioned infrastructure	`pipeline`, `variables`
`create`	No	Initializes infrastructure (e.g., IaCM Workspace) before first provisioning	`template`, `version`
`delete`	No	Deletes initialized but unprovisioned infrastructure	None

Step Dependencies:

create must be executed before first apply operation
delete must be executed after destroy operation
create and delete steps must be used together (both or neither)

Example Configuration:

steps:
  create:
    template: TempNamespace
    version: '1'
  apply:
    pipeline: DefaultProvision
    variables:
      name: temp-${{env.config.name}}
  destroy:
    pipeline: DefaultDestroy
    variables:
      name: temp-${{env.config.name}}
  delete: {}

Referencing Resources Across Scopes

When referencing Harness resources (such as IaCM workspace templates or catalog entities) in your blueprint, you can reference resources from different organizational scopes using scope prefixes:

Project scope (default): Use just the identifier - MyResource
Organization scope: Prefix with org. - org.MyResource
Account scope: Prefix with account. - account.MyResource

This enables you to reference shared resources across your Harness hierarchy while maintaining proper access control. For example, environments created at the project level can reference IaCM workspace templates or catalog entities defined at the organization or account level.

Scope Hierarchy

Resources must respect the Harness organizational hierarchy. A project-level environment can reference resources from its parent organization or account, but resources maintain their defined scope boundaries and access permissions.

2. Catalog backend (services)

Used for deploying application services from the IDP catalog.

In this definition, backend.type is set to Catalog.

YAML Structure

entities:
- identifier: frontend
  interface:
    dependencies:
    - identifier: namespace  # Depends on infrastructure
    inputs:
      version:
        type: string
        default: v1.1.0
      replicas:
        type: integer
        default: 1
  backend:
    type: Catalog
    values:
      identifier: frontend  # Component ID from catalog
      variables:
        replicas: ${{entity.config.replicas}}
        version: ${{entity.config.version}}
      environment:
        identifier: mycluster
        infra:
          identifier: ssemteamdelegate
          namespace: ${{dependencies.namespace.output.name}}
    steps:
      apply:
        pipeline: DeployService
      destroy:
        pipeline: UninstallService

Catalog Backend (backend.values)

Parameter	Type	Description	Example
`identifier`	string	Component (service) ID from the IDP catalog	`frontend`, `backend`
`variables`	object	Input variables passed to the component	`{"replicas": "${{entity.config.replicas}}"}`
`environment`	object	Target deployment environment specification	See environment parameters below

caution

The values.variables field maps to service-level variables on the Harness Service, not pipeline-level variables. If your deployment pipeline defines variables at the pipeline level (for example, pipeline.variables.COMMIT_SHA), those variables cannot be resolved through values.variables. Use the HarnessCD backend instead and pass pipeline variables under steps.apply.variables.

Environment Parameters (backend.values.environment)

Parameter	Type	Description	Example
`identifier`	string	CD Service Environment identifier where services will be deployed	`mycluster`
`infra`	object	Infrastructure specification within the environment	See infra parameters below

Infrastructure Parameters (backend.values.environment.infra)

Parameter	Type	Description	Example
`identifier`	string	Infrastructure identifier	`ssemteamdelegate`

Catalog Backend Steps (backend.steps)

Step	Required	Description	Parameters
`apply`	Yes	Deploys the service using the specified pipeline	`pipeline`
`destroy`	Yes	Removes the deployed service using the specified pipeline	`pipeline`

3. HarnessCD backend (services)

Used for deploying application services when your deployment pipelines use pipeline-level variables. Unlike the Catalog backend type, where values.variables maps to service-level variables on the Harness Service, the HarnessCD backend type lets you define pipeline variables (for example, COMMIT_SHA) directly under steps.apply.variables.

In this definition, backend.type is set to HarnessCD.

YAML Structure

entities:
- identifier: backend
  interface:
    dependencies:
    - identifier: namespace
  backend:
    type: HarnessCD
    values:
      service: ssem           # Harness CD service identifier
      variables:                  # Service-level variables (not pipeline-level)
      environment:
        identifier: mycluster
        infra:
          identifier: ssemteam
          namespace: my-app-${{env.config.namespace}}
    steps:
      apply:
        pipeline: Deploy
        variables:                # Pipeline-level variables
          COMMIT_SHA: ${{env.config.COMMIT_SHA}}
      destroy:
        pipeline: Uninstall

HarnessCD Backend (backend.values)

Parameter	Type	Description	Example
`service`	string	Harness CD service identifier	`frontend`, `backend`
`variables`	object	Service-level input variables passed to the Harness Service	`{"IMAGE_TAG": "${{env.config.IMAGE_TAG}}"}`
`environment`	object	Target CD environment specification	See Environment Parameters below

Environment Parameters (backend.values.environment)

Parameter	Type	Description	Example
`identifier`	string	CD Service Environment identifier where the service will be deployed	`mycluster`
`infra`	object	Infrastructure specification within the environment	See infra parameters below

Infrastructure Parameters (backend.values.environment.infra)

Parameter	Type	Description	Example
`identifier`	string	Infrastructure identifier	`ssemteam`
`namespace`	string	Kubernetes namespace for the deployment (supports templating)	`my-app-${{env.config.name}}`

HarnessCD Backend Steps (backend.steps)

Step	Required	Description	Parameters
`apply`	Yes	Deploys the service using the specified pipeline	`pipeline`, `variables`
`destroy`	Yes	Removes the deployed service using the specified pipeline	`pipeline`

Step Parameters (backend.steps.apply)

Parameter	Type	Description	Example
`pipeline`	string	Deploy pipeline identifier	`Deploy`
`variables`	object	Pipeline-level variables passed directly to the pipeline at execution time	`{"COMMIT_SHA": "${{env.config.COMMIT_SHA}}"}`

Configure TTL (time-to-live)

You can configure TTL for environments in the environment blueprint. Defining a TTL specifies how long an environment can run before it is automatically paused. This helps control costs and prevents lingering environments.

Based on the TTL specification, there are two environment types: Ephemeral and Long-lived. Go to Types of Environments to learn more.

Set TTL in an environment blueprint

To define a TTL, add the spec.ttl field to the environment blueprint YAML. The ttl field is specified as follows:

1. TTL specification

spec:
  ttl:
    kind: <ttl-kind>
    default: <default-ttl-duration>   # Optional
    max: <max-ttl-duration>           # Optional

Durations support hours, minutes, and seconds (e.g., 1h, 30m, 1h30m).

2. TTL kinds

fixed - A fixed, preconfigured duration in the blueprint. Users cannot change it when creating an environment.
custom - A user-configurable duration chosen at environment creation time.
none - No TTL. The environment is long-lived and is only paused/stopped when a user does so explicitly.

3. TTL parameters

default - The default TTL duration for the blueprint (optional).
max - The maximum allowed TTL duration for the blueprint (optional).

4. Examples

Fixed 1-hour TTL; the environment pauses automatically after 1 hour:

spec:
  ttl:
    kind: fixed
    default: 1h
    max: 24h

User-defined TTL with a default of 3 hours (if no input is provided) and a 24-hour cap:

spec:
  ttl:
    kind: custom
    default: 3h
    max: 24h

Long-lived environment (no automatic pause):

spec:
  ttl:
    kind: none

Note: When you update an environment’s configuration, the environment is re-provisioned and the TTL is reset. The new TTL countdown starts from the time of the update.

Enforcing TTL with OPA Policies

Platform engineers can use Harness OPA governance to enforce TTL requirements across all blueprints, e.g., blocking blueprints that use ttl.kind: none or that exceed a maximum TTL. These policies are evaluated automatically when a blueprint is created or updated. Go to Centralized Policy Governance for IDP Catalog Entities to enforce configuration standards on blueprints.

Blueprint outputs

A blueprint can define an outputs block under spec to expose values from its entities once the environment is provisioned. These values appear in the Outputs tab of the environment detail page and can be referenced by other environments using cross-environment output syntax.

spec:
  outputs:
    <output-name>:
      type: string
      description: <optional description>
      value: <expression>

The value field uses the entity output expression format described in YAML Templating System.

IaCM entity output (Terraform output from a workspace):

spec:
  outputs:
    namespace-name:
      type: string
      value: ${{entity.namespace.output.name}}

IaCM pipeline output (output from a provisioning pipeline stage):

spec:
  outputs:
    apply-result:
      type: string
      value: ${{entity.namespace.provision.apply.output.output.outputVariables.name}}

CD pipeline output (stage output from a deployment pipeline):

spec:
  outputs:
    release-name:
      type: string
      value: ${{entity.frontend.deploy.HelmDeploy_1.output.releaseHelmChartOutcome.name}}

note

For IaCM entities, output values are sourced from Terraform outputs of the workspace. For CD entities, output values are sourced from stage outputs of the deployment pipeline.

YAML templating system

Environment Blueprints use a powerful templating system for dynamic configuration:

Template variables

Variable Type	Format	Description
Environment Config	`${{env.config.name}}`	Access blueprint-level inputs defined in `spec.inputs`.
Entity Config	`${{entity.config.replicas}}`	Access entity-level inputs defined in `interface.inputs`.
Entity Output	`${{entity.<id>.output.<path>}}`	Reference an output from an entity in this blueprint. For a specific pipeline stage and step: `${{entity.<id>.<stage>.<step>.output.<path>}}`
Dependency Output	`${{dependencies.<id>.output.<path>}}`	Reference an output from a dependent entity. For a specific pipeline stage and step: `${{dependencies.<id>.<stage>.<step>.output.<path>}}`

Example usage

# Dynamic workspace naming
workspace: Namespace-${{env.config.name}}

# Variable mapping from inputs
variables:
  replicas: ${{entity.config.replicas}}
  version: ${{entity.config.version}}

# Dependency resolution
namespace: ${{dependencies.namespace.output.name}}

Output values are populated once environment entities finish provisioning (IaCM workspaces) or deploying (CD services). To see the resolved output values for a running environment, open the environment and select the Outputs tab.

Scope & hierarchy

Environment Blueprints can be created at the account, organization, or project scope. The scope is determined by the orgIdentifier and projectIdentifier fields in the blueprint YAML:

A blueprint with no orgIdentifier or projectIdentifier is created at the account scope.
A blueprint with only an orgIdentifier is created at the org scope.
A blueprint with both orgIdentifier and projectIdentifier is created at the project scope.

Environments are currently created at the project scope. However, an environment can reference a blueprint from its own project scope, its parent org scope, or the account scope.

Reference blueprints from environments

When an environment references a blueprint, the blueprint identifier uses a scope prefix to indicate which scope the blueprint belongs to:

account.my-blueprint: references a blueprint at the account scope
org.my-blueprint: references a blueprint at the org scope
my-blueprint (no prefix): references a blueprint at the same scope as the environment (project level)

Migration

Existing environments that referenced blueprints without a scope prefix have been automatically migrated to use the account. prefix, since all pre-existing blueprints were at account level. No action is required for existing account-level blueprints.

In an environment blueprint, all the entities, workspace templates, pipelines, etc. are also created at the project scope.

Environment management RBAC

Harness IDP provides granular Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for environment management, allowing you to control who can view, create, edit, or delete environment blueprints and environments. The RBAC model follows the Harness platform hierarchy with different scopes for blueprints and environments.

Permissions Hierarchy

The environment management RBAC is structured across two main resource types:

Resource Type	Scope	Available Permissions	Resource Group Options
Environment Blueprint	Account, Org, or Project Level	VIEW: View environment blueprints CREATE: Create new blueprints EDIT: Edit existing blueprints DELETE: Delete environment blueprints	All Environment Blueprints Specific Environment Blueprints
Environment	Project Level	VIEW: View environments CREATE: Create new environments EDIT: Edit existing environments DELETE: Delete environments	All Environments Specific Environments

For a complete overview of all IDP resources and their permissions across different scopes, refer to the Permissions & Resources table in the IDP RBAC documentation.

Configuring RBAC for Environment Management

To configure access control for environment management:

For Environment Blueprints (Account, Org, or Project Level):
- Navigate to the settings for the relevant scope (Account Settings, Org Settings, or Project Settings) → Access Control → Roles
- Navigate to Account Settings → Access Control → Roles
- Create or edit a role and assign Environment Blueprint permissions (VIEW, CREATE, EDIT, DELETE)
- Create a Resource Group and select either:
  - All Environment Blueprints - Grants access to all blueprints in the account
  - Specific Environment Blueprints - Grants access to selected blueprints only
- Assign the role and resource group to users or user groups
For Environments (Project Level):
- Navigate to Project Settings → Access Control → Roles
- Create or edit a role and assign Environment permissions (VIEW, CREATE, EDIT, DELETE)
- Create a Resource Group and select either:
  - All Environments - Grants access to all environments in the project
  - Specific Environments - Grants access to selected environments only
- Assign the role and resource group to users or user groups

tip

For more information on configuring RBAC in Harness, refer to the RBAC documentation.

Example blueprint YAML

apiVersion: harness.io/v1
kind: EnvironmentBlueprint
type: ''
name: TempEnvironment
identifier: temp_environment
owner: group:account/_account_all_users
spec:
  entities:
  # Infrastructure Entity
  - identifier: namespace
    backend:
      type: HarnessIACM
      values:
        workspace: Namespace-${{env.config.name}}
      steps:
        create:
          template: TempNamespace
          version: '1'
        apply:
          pipeline: DefaultProvision
          variables:
            name: temp-${{env.config.name}}
        destroy:
          pipeline: DefaultDestroy
          variables:
            name: temp-${{env.config.name}}
        delete: {}
  
  # Frontend Service Entity
  - identifier: frontend
    interface:
      dependencies:
      - identifier: namespace
      inputs:
        version:
          type: string
          default: v1.1.0
        replicas:
          type: integer
          default: 1
    backend:
      type: Catalog
      values:
        identifier: frontend
        variables:
          replicas: ${{entity.config.replicas}}
          version: ${{entity.config.version}}
        environment:
          identifier: mycluster
          infra:
            identifier: ssemteamdelegate
            namespace: ${{dependencies.namespace.output.name}}
        steps:
          apply:
            pipeline: DeployService
          destroy:
            pipeline: UninstallService
  
  # Backend Service Entity
  - identifier: backend
    interface:
      dependencies:
      - identifier: namespace
      inputs:
        version:
          type: string
          default: v1.3.2
        replicas:
          type: integer
          default: 1
    backend:
      type: Catalog
      values:
        identifier: backend
        variables:
          replicas: ${{entity.config.replicas}}
          version: ${{entity.config.version}}
        environment:
          identifier: mycluster
          infra:
            identifier: ssemteamdelegate
            namespace: ${{dependencies.namespace.output.name}}
      steps:
        apply:
          pipeline: DeployService
        destroy:
          pipeline: UninstallService
  
  # Blueprint-level inputs
  inputs:
    name:
      type: string
      default: demo

Create environment blueprints

For a step-by-step UI walkthrough of the blueprint creation flow, go to Create an Environment Blueprint.

Environment blueprint YAML​

Core components​

Entity specification​

Entity structure​

Entity parameters​

Backend types​

1. HarnessIACM backend (infrastructure)​

2. Catalog backend (services)​

3. HarnessCD backend (services)​

Configure TTL (time-to-live)​

Set TTL in an environment blueprint​

Blueprint outputs​

YAML templating system​

Template variables​

Example usage​

Scope & hierarchy​

Reference blueprints from environments​

Environment management RBAC​

Permissions Hierarchy​

Configuring RBAC for Environment Management​

Example blueprint YAML​

Create environment blueprints​

Environment blueprint YAML

Core components

Entity specification

Entity structure

Entity parameters

Backend types

1. HarnessIACM backend (infrastructure)

2. Catalog backend (services)

3. HarnessCD backend (services)

Configure TTL (time-to-live)

Set TTL in an environment blueprint

Blueprint outputs

YAML templating system

Template variables

Example usage

Scope & hierarchy

Reference blueprints from environments

Environment management RBAC

Permissions Hierarchy

Configuring RBAC for Environment Management

Example blueprint YAML

Create environment blueprints