Get active and inactive users

Identify users who have logged into Harness over a specified time period.

You can identify which users have logged into your Harness account over a specific time period. This is useful for:

• Compliance and auditing: Track user access for security and regulatory requirements.

• License management: Identify active users to optimize license usage.

• User lifecycle management: Find inactive users who may need to be offboarded.

This guide provides a Python script that uses the Harness Audit API to fetch user login activity and categorize users as active, inactive, or deleted.

How it works

The script queries the Harness Audit API for LOGIN events within a specified date range and compares this data against all users in your account. It then generates three output files:

• active_users.ndjson: Users who logged in during the specified time period.

• inactive_users.ndjson: Users who exist in the account but did not log in during the specified time period.

• deleted_users.ndjson: Users who logged in during the specified time period but no longer exist in the account.

The output files use NDJSON format (newline-delimited JSON), where each line is a valid JSON object representing a user record.

Prerequisites

Before using the script, ensure you have:

• Python 3.x installed on your system.

• Python requests library: Install using pip install requests.

• A token with appropriate permissions. For more information, go to Manage API keys.

• Permission to view audit logs in your Harness account.

• Your Harness account ID. You can find this in any Harness URL (e.g., https://app.harness.io/ng/account/<ACCOUNT_ID>/...).

Usage

Basic usage

Run the script with your environment URL and authentication credentials:

# Using API key (recommended) <a href="#using-api-key-recommended" id="using-api-key-recommended"></a>
python3 get_inactive_users.py \
  --env app.harness.io/ng/account/<YOUR_ACCOUNT_ID>/ \
  --apikey YOUR_API_KEY

# Using Bearer token <a href="#using-bearer-token" id="using-bearer-token"></a>
python3 get_inactive_users.py \
  --env app.harness.io/ng/account/<YOUR_ACCOUNT_ID>/ \
  --bearer YOUR_BEARER_TOKEN

By default, the script analyzes the last 30 days of login activity.

Specify custom date range

To analyze a specific time period, use the --start and --end parameters:

python3 get_inactive_users.py \
  --env app.harness.io/ng/account/<YOUR_ACCOUNT_ID>/ \
  --apikey YOUR_API_KEY \
  --start "2025-01-01 00:00" \
  --end "2025-01-31 23:59"

Use environment variables

You can set authentication credentials as environment variables:

# Set environment variable <a href="#set-environment-variable" id="set-environment-variable"></a>
export HARNESS_API_KEY="your_api_key_here"

# Run script without --apikey parameter <a href="#run-script-without-apikey-parameter" id="run-script-without-apikey-parameter"></a>
python3 get_inactive_users.py \
  --env app.harness.io/ng/account/<YOUR_ACCOUNT_ID>/ \
  --start "2025-01-01 00:00"

Supported environment variables:

• HARNESS_API_KEY: Your Harness API key

• HARNESS_BEARER: Your Bearer token

Script parameters

Parameter	Required	Description	Default	Example
--env	Yes	Harness environment URL in the format <domain>.harness.io/ng/account/<account_id>/	None	app.harness.io/ng/account/abc123/
--apikey	No*	Harness API key for authentication	HARNESS_API_KEY env var	pat.abc123.xyz...
--bearer	No*	Bearer token for authentication	HARNESS_BEARER env var	eyJhbGc...
--start	No	Start date and time in YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM format	30 days ago	2025-01-01 00:00
--end	No	End date and time in YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM format	Current time	2025-01-31 23:59

* One of --apikey or --bearer is required (or their corresponding environment variables).

Understanding the output

The script generates three NDJSON files in the current directory:

active_users.ndjson

Contains audit log entries for users who logged in during the specified time period. Each line includes:

{
  "authenticationInfo": {
    "labels": {
      "userId": "user123",
      "email": "[e-mail]"
    }
  },
  "timestamp": 1706745600000,
  "action": "LOGIN"
}

inactive_users.ndjson

Contains user records for users who exist in the account but did not log in during the specified time period. Each line includes:

{
  "uuid": "user456",
  "email": "[e-mail]",
  "name": "Inactive User",
  "disabled": false,
  "locked": false
}

deleted_users.ndjson

Contains audit log entries for users who logged in during the specified time period but no longer exist in the account (deleted users).

Analyzing the output

You can process the NDJSON files using command-line tools or Python:

Count users using wc

# Count active users <a href="#count-active-users" id="count-active-users"></a>
wc -l active_users.ndjson

# Count inactive users <a href="#count-inactive-users" id="count-inactive-users"></a>
wc -l inactive_users.ndjson

# Count deleted users <a href="#count-deleted-users" id="count-deleted-users"></a>
wc -l deleted_users.ndjson

Extract emails using jq

# List active user emails <a href="#list-active-user-emails" id="list-active-user-emails"></a>
jq -r '.authenticationInfo.labels.email' active_users.ndjson

# List inactive user emails <a href="#list-inactive-user-emails" id="list-inactive-user-emails"></a>
jq -r '.email' inactive_users.ndjson

Process with Python

import json

# Read and process active users <a href="#read-and-process-active-users" id="read-and-process-active-users"></a>
with open('active_users.ndjson', 'r') as f:
    active_users = [json.loads(line) for line in f]
    active_emails = [user['authenticationInfo']['labels']['email'] for user in active_users]
    print(f"Active users: {len(active_emails)}")
    print(active_emails)

Complete script

Save the following script as get_inactive_users.py:

import argparse
import os
import getpass
import json
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import requests
import time
import re

def validate_date(date_str):
    """Validate date format (YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM) and return parsed datetime."""
    try:
        return datetime.strptime(date_str.strip(), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
    except ValueError:
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
            f"Invalid date format: '{date_str}'. Use YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM (e.g., 2025-08-25 14:30)."
        )

def validate_env_url(env_url):
    """Validate Harness environment URL format (e.g., qa.harness.io/ng/account/px7xd_BFRCi-pfWPYXVjvw/)."""
    pattern = r"^(https?://)?([a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.harness\.io)/ng/account/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/?$"
    match = re.match(pattern, env_url.strip())
    if not match:
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
            f"Invalid environment URL: '{env_url}'. Expected format: <domain>.harness.io/ng/account/<account_id>/ (e.g., qa.harness.io/ng/account/px7xd_BFRCi-pfWPYXVjvw/)."
        )
    return match.group(2), match.group(3)  # Return domain and account_id

def to_epoch_ms(date_str: str) -> int:
    """Convert YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM string to epoch milliseconds."""
    dt = datetime.strptime(date_str, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
    return int(dt.timestamp() * 1000)

def stream_audits(account_id, headers, start_ms, end_ms, out, base_domain):
    """Stream audit logs page by page and save unique active users (NDJSON format)."""
    base_url = f"https://{base_domain}/gateway/audit/api/audits/list"
    params = {"routingId": account_id, "accountIdentifier": account_id, "pageSize": 1000}
    payload = {
        "scopes": [{"accountIdentifier": account_id}],
        "filterType": "Audit",
        "actions": ["LOGIN"],
        "startTime": start_ms,
        "endTime": end_ms,
    }

    pageIndex = 0
    userId = {}

    with open(out, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        while True:
            params["pageIndex"] = pageIndex
            pageIndex += 1
            with requests.post(base_url, params=params, headers=headers, json=payload, verify=True) as resp:
                resp.raise_for_status()
                data = resp.json()["data"]
                totalPages = data["totalPages"]
                print(f"Processing page {pageIndex}/{totalPages}")

                for item in data["content"]:
                    uid = item["authenticationInfo"]["labels"]["userId"]
                    if userId.get(uid) is None:
                        userId[uid] = True
                        f.write(json.dumps(item, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")

                if pageIndex >= totalPages:
                    break

    return userId

def get_all_inactive_users(account_id, headers, unique_users, out, base_domain):
    """Get all users and mark active ones, writing inactive users in NDJSON format."""
    base_url = f"https://{base_domain}/gateway/ng/api/user/batch"
    params = {"accountIdentifier": account_id, "pageIndex": 0, "pageSize": 100}
    headers_with_content_type = headers.copy()
    headers_with_content_type["content-type"] = "application/json"
    payload = {}

    with open(out, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        page_index = 0
        while True:
            params["pageIndex"] = page_index
            page_index += 1
            with requests.post(base_url, params=params, headers=headers_with_content_type, json=payload, verify=True) as resp:
                resp.raise_for_status()
                response = resp.json()
                data = response["data"]
                totalPages = data["totalPages"]
                print(f"Processing page {page_index}/{totalPages}")

                for item in data["content"]:
                    uid = item["uuid"]
                    if uid in unique_users:
                        unique_users[uid] = False  # mark user as existing
                    else:
                        f.write(json.dumps(item, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")

                if page_index >= totalPages:
                    break

def finalize_deleted_users(unique_users, active_file, deleted_file):
    """Stream active_users.ndjson and move deleted ones into deleted_users.ndjson."""
    tmp_file = active_file + ".tmp"

    with open(active_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f_in, \
         open(tmp_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f_out, \
         open(deleted_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f_del:

        for line in f_in:
            item = json.loads(line)
            uid = item["authenticationInfo"]["labels"]["userId"]

            if unique_users.get(uid, False):  # still True = deleted
                f_del.write(json.dumps(item, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")
            else:
                f_out.write(json.dumps(item, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")

    os.replace(tmp_file, active_file)
    print(f"✅ Finalized active/deleted users. Active={sum(1 for _ in open(active_file))}, Deleted={sum(1 for _ in open(deleted_file))}")

def parse_arguments():
    """Parse and validate command-line arguments."""
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
        description="Access audit logs and user list to get active, inactive and deleted users for the account.",
        epilog="Example: python3 get_inactive_users.py --env qa.harness.io/ng/account/px7xd_BFRCi-pfWPYXVjvw/ --start '2025-08-01 00:00' --apikey abc123"
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--env",
        help="Harness environment URL (e.g., qa.harness.io/ng/account/px7xd_BFRCi-pfWPYXVjvw/). Required. The account ID is extracted from this URL.",
        required=True,
        type=validate_env_url
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--apikey",
        help="Harness API key (use x-api-key header). Provide either this or --bearer (If both are provided, --apikey will be used). Can also be set via HARNESS_API_KEY environment variable."
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--bearer",
        help="Bearer token (use Authorization header). Provide either this or --apikey (If both are provided, --apikey will be used). Can also be set via HARNESS_BEARER environment variable."
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--start",
        help="Start date and time for audit logs in YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM format (e.g., 2025-08-01 00:00). Defaults to 30 days prior to current time.",
        type=validate_date,
        default=(datetime.now() - timedelta(days=30)).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--end",
        help="End date and time for audit logs in YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM format (e.g., 2025-08-25 23:59). Defaults to current time.",
        type=validate_date,
        default=datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
    )

    args = parser.parse_args()

    # Extract domain and account_id from env URL
    base_domain, account_id = args.env

    # Validate that only one of API key or Bearer token is provided
    api_key = args.apikey or os.getenv("HARNESS_API_KEY")
    bearer = args.bearer or os.getenv("HARNESS_BEARER")

    if not api_key and not bearer:
        print("No authentication provided. Please choose one of the following:")
        choice = input("Use API key or Bearer token? [api/bearer]: ").strip().lower()
        if choice == "api":
            api_key = getpass.getpass("Enter API key: ").strip()
            if not api_key:
                parser.error("API key cannot be empty.")
        elif choice == "bearer":
            bearer = getpass.getpass("Enter Bearer token: ").strip()
            if not bearer:
                parser.error("Bearer token cannot be empty.")
        else:
            parser.error("Invalid choice. Please select 'api' or 'bearer'.")

    # Set headers based on authentication method
    headers = {}
    if api_key:
        headers["x-api-key"] = api_key.strip()
    elif bearer:
        headers["Authorization"] = "Bearer " + bearer.strip()

    # Convert dates to epoch milliseconds
    start_ms = to_epoch_ms(args.start.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"))
    end_ms = to_epoch_ms(args.end.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"))

    if start_ms > end_ms:
        parser.error(f"Start time ({args.start.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')}) cannot be after end time ({args.end.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')})")

    return {
        "account_id": account_id,
        "headers": headers,
        "start_ms": start_ms,
        "end_ms": end_ms,
        "base_domain": base_domain,
        "out_active_users": "active_users.ndjson",
        "out_inactive_users": "inactive_users.ndjson",
        "out_deleted_users": "deleted_users.ndjson"
    }

def main():
    try:
        config = parse_arguments()
        account_id = config["account_id"]
        headers = config["headers"]
        start_ms = config["start_ms"]
        end_ms = config["end_ms"]
        base_domain = config["base_domain"]
        out_active_users = config["out_active_users"]
        out_inactive_users = config["out_inactive_users"]
        out_deleted_users = config["out_deleted_users"]

        start_date = datetime.fromtimestamp(start_ms / 1000).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
        end_date = datetime.fromtimestamp(end_ms / 1000).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")

        print(f"Fetching audit logs for account={account_id}, between {start_date} and {end_date}...")
        unique_users = stream_audits(account_id, headers, start_ms, end_ms, out_active_users, base_domain)
        print(f"✅ Saved active users to {out_active_users}")

        print(f"Fetching all users for account={account_id}...")
        get_all_inactive_users(account_id, headers, unique_users, out_inactive_users, base_domain)
        print(f"✅ Saved inactive users to {out_inactive_users}")

        print("Finalizing deleted users...")
        finalize_deleted_users(unique_users, out_active_users, out_deleted_users)
        print(f"✅ Saved deleted users to {out_deleted_users}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error: {str(e)}")
        exit(1)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Troubleshooting

Authentication errors

Error: 401 Unauthorized

Solution: Verify that your API key or Bearer token is valid and has the necessary permissions to access audit logs. For more information, go to Manage API keys.

Invalid date format

Error: Invalid date format

Solution: Ensure dates are in the format YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM. For example: 2025-01-01 00:00.

Rate limiting

Error: 429 Too Many Requests

Solution: The script has exceeded the Harness API rate limits. Wait a few minutes and try again. For more information about rate limits, go to Rate limits.

Permission errors

Error: 403 Forbidden

Solution: Your API key or Bearer token does not have permission to view audit logs or user information. Ensure you have the necessary permissions to access these resources.

Large datasets

Note: For accounts with many users or extensive audit history, the script may take several minutes to complete. The script processes data in pages and displays progress as it runs.

The script uses pagination to efficiently handle large datasets. Each API call fetches up to 1000 audit log entries or 100 users per page.

Related documentation

• Manage users

• Get started with Harness API

• Manage API keys

• RBAC in Harness

• Permissions reference