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Android

You can build and test Android applications using a Linux or Mac platform on Harness Cloud, a self-managed Kubernetes cluster, or a local runner build infrastructure.

This guide assumes you've created a Harness CI pipeline.

Specify architecture​

You can build and test Android apps on a Linux or Mac platform on Harness Cloud build infrastructure.

stages:
  - stage:
      name: Build
      identifier: Build
      type: CI
      spec:
        cloneCodebase: true
        platform:
          os: Linux
          arch: Amd64
        runtime:
          type: Cloud
          spec: {}

Install dependencies​

Many Android packages, such as command-line tools and an emulator, are already installed on Harness Cloud Linux machines. For more information about preinstalled tools and libraries, go to the Harness Cloud image specifications.

Use Run steps to install dependencies in the build environment.

- step:
    type: Run
    identifier: dependencies
    name: dependencies
    spec:
      shell: Sh
      command: |-
        bundle update

Cache dependencies​

Add caching to your stage.

Use Cache Intelligence by adding caching to your stage.spec:

- stage:
    spec:
      caching:
        enabled: true
        paths:
          - YOUR_CACHE_PATH
      sharedPaths:
        - YOUR_CACHE_PATH
tip

Cache Intelligence supports Gradle (as well as additional build tools). If you're using Gradle and your dependencies are stored in the default location for Gradle, you don't need to include paths or sharedPath. For example:

- stage:
    spec:
      caching:
        enabled: true

Build and run tests​

You can use Run or Test steps to run tests in Harness CI.

If you're using Kotlin, you can improve your unit test times with Harness' Test Intelligence feature.

Harness CI also supports test splitting (parallelism) for both Run and Test steps.

- step:
    type: Run
    name: build and test
    identifier: build_and_test
    spec:
      shell: Sh
      command: |-
        ./gradlew test assemble -YOUR_PROJECT
        ./gradlew testDebug

If you want to view test results in Harness, make sure your test commands produce reports in JUnit XML format and that your steps include the reports specification.

- step:
    type: Run
    name: build and test
    identifier: build_and_test
    spec:
      shell: Sh
      command: |-
        ./gradlew test assemble -YOUR_PROJECT
        ./gradlew testDebug
      reports:
        type: JUnit
        spec:
          paths:
            - "*/build/test-results/.*xml"

Specify version​

Android packages, including Android SDK tools and and fastlane, are pre-installed on Harness Cloud machines. For details about all available tools and versions, go to Platforms and image specifications.

- step:
    type: Run
    name: android version
    identifier: android_version
    spec:
      shell: Sh
      command: |-
        fastlane init
        fastlane tests

If you need to install additional versions, use a Run step. These examples use faberNovel/docker-android and fastlane.

Use one version
- step:
    type: Run
    name: android version
    identifier: android_version
    spec:
      connectorRef: account.harnessImage
      image: fabernovel/android:api-30-v1.7.0
      shell: Sh
      command: |-
        fastlane init
        fastlane tests
Use multiple versions
  1. Add the matrix looping strategy configuration to your stage.
- stage:
    strategy:
      matrix:
        androidVersion:
          - 30
          - 31
          - 33
  1. Reference the matrix variable in the image field of your steps.
- step:
    type: Run
    name: android Version
    identifier: android_version
    spec:
      connectorRef: account.harnessImage
      image: fabernovel/android:api-<+ stage.matrix.androidVersion >-v1.7.0
      shell: Sh
      command: |-
        fastlane init
        fastlane tests

Deploy to the Google Play Store​

The following examples use fastlane to deploy an app to the Google Play Store. These are intended as examples only. They do not provide complete firebase configuration or app distribution requirements. To learn more about app distribution, go to the Google documentation on Firebase App Distribution and the fastlane documentation on Deploying to Google Play using fastlane.

- step:
    type: Run
    name: fastlane_deploy
    identifier: fastlane_deploy
    spec:
      shell: Sh
      command: |-
        fastlane init
        fastlane android deploy
        fastlane action upload_to_play_store

Full pipeline examples​

The following pipeline examples install dependencies, cache dependencies, and build and test an Android app.

This pipeline uses Harness Cloud build infrastructure and Cache Intelligence.

If you copy this example, replace the placeholder values with appropriate values for your code repo connector, repository name, and other applicable values. Depending on your project and organization, you may also need to replace projectIdentifier and orgIdentifier.

pipeline:
  name: default
  identifier: default
  projectIdentifier: default
  orgIdentifier: default
  properties:
    ci:
      codebase:
        connectorRef: YOUR_CODE_REPO_CONNECTOR_ID
        repoName: YOUR_REPO_NAME
        build: <+input>
  tags: {}
  stages:
    - stage:
        name: build
        identifier: build
        description: ""
        type: CI
        spec:
          cloneCodebase: true
          caching:
            enabled: true
            paths:
              - "YOUR_CACHE_PATH"
          execution:
            steps:
              - step:
                  type: Run
                  identifier: dependencies
                  name: dependencies
                  spec:
                    shell: Sh
                    command: |-
                      bundle update
              - step:
                  type: Run
                  name: Test
                  identifier: test
                  spec:
                    shell: Sh
                    command: |-
                      ./gradlew test assemble -YOUR_PROJECT
                      ./gradlew testDebug
                    reports:
                      type: JUnit
                      spec:
                        paths:
                          - "*/build/test-results/.*xml"
              - step:
                  type: Run
                  name: fastlane_deploy
                  identifier: fastlane_deploy
                  spec:
                    shell: Sh
                    command: |-
                      fastlane init
                      fastlane android deploy
                      fastlane action upload_to_play_store
          platform:
            os: Linux
            arch: Amd64
          runtime:
            type: Cloud
            spec: {}
          sharedPaths:
            - YOUR_CACHE_PATH

Next steps​

Now that you have created a pipeline that builds and tests an Android app, you could: