> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://developer.harness.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://developer.harness.io/university/readme/database-devops.md).

# Database DevOps

Learn Database DevOps through Harness University

Integrate database changes into your CI/CD pipeline and gain transparency across environments.

Go to [Harness University](/university/readme.md) for the full catalogue of courses and certifications.

## Self-Paced Training

Free self-paced courses that you can consume on your own time.

<table data-view="cards"><thead><tr><th></th><th></th><th data-hidden data-card-target data-type="content-ref"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><img src="https://2307127582-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Feh03Q8VHpO02MFM5nUSL%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-8d9330b11e4adb2c19a6b64b4a75262530fb0ef8%2Fplatform.svg?alt=media" alt="" data-size="line"> <strong>Harness Platform Fundamentals</strong></td><td>Self-paced video course introducing the Harness Platform.<br><em>Product version: Free Plans of any module</em></td><td><a href="https://university-registration.harness.io/self-paced-training-platform-fundamentals">https://university-registration.harness.io/self-paced-training-platform-fundamentals</a></td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://2307127582-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Feh03Q8VHpO02MFM5nUSL%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-8d9330b11e4adb2c19a6b64b4a75262530fb0ef8%2Fplatform.svg?alt=media" alt="" data-size="line"> <strong>Introduction to AI Agents</strong></td><td>Self-paced tidbit introducing the Custom AI Agents.<br><em>Product version: Paid Plans of any module</em></td><td><a href="https://university-registration.harness.io/self-paced-training-tidbit-custom-ai-agents">https://university-registration.harness.io/self-paced-training-tidbit-custom-ai-agents</a></td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://2307127582-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Feh03Q8VHpO02MFM5nUSL%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-7f71cca7bc94c16885b804d6e056d7f1f6bdfd37%2Fdatabase.svg?alt=media" alt="" data-size="line"> <strong>Database DevOps</strong></td><td>Self-paced video course introducing Harness Database DevOps.<br><em>Product version: Harness DB DevOps Paid Plans</em></td><td><a href="https://university-registration.harness.io/self-paced-training-harness-database-devops">https://university-registration.harness.io/self-paced-training-harness-database-devops</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

## Instructor-Led Training

Intensive two-day courses are designed for engineers looking to deepen their understanding and expertise in Harness.

<table data-view="cards"><thead><tr><th></th><th></th><th data-hidden data-card-target data-type="content-ref"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><img src="https://2307127582-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Feh03Q8VHpO02MFM5nUSL%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-8d9330b11e4adb2c19a6b64b4a75262530fb0ef8%2Fplatform.svg?alt=media" alt="" data-size="line"> <strong>Introduction to the Harness Platform</strong></td><td>Self-paced hands-on, prerequisite course to all module-specific ILT courses.<br><em>Product version: Paid Plans of any module</em></td><td><a href="https://university-registration.harness.io/introduction-to-the-harness-platform">https://university-registration.harness.io/introduction-to-the-harness-platform</a></td></tr><tr><td><img src="https://2307127582-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Feh03Q8VHpO02MFM5nUSL%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-7f71cca7bc94c16885b804d6e056d7f1f6bdfd37%2Fdatabase.svg?alt=media" alt="" data-size="line"> <strong>Database DevOps</strong></td><td>Deep dive into advanced Database DevOps concepts.<br><em>Product version: Harness DB DevOps Paid Plans</em></td><td><a href="https://university-registration.harness.io/ilt-harness-database-devops">https://university-registration.harness.io/ilt-harness-database-devops</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

## Certifications

Test and validate your knowledge of Harness by becoming a Harness Certified Expert.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="For Developer" %}

### Database DevOps - Developer

![Database DevOps - Developer badge](https://2307127582-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Feh03Q8VHpO02MFM5nUSL%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-756de86fe1ab55271ee3eb9bcaec42eded6f239e%2Fcert_dev_dbdo_badge.svg?alt=media)

**Product version:** Harness DB DevOps Paid Plans

Assesses the fundamental skills to manage your applications with DB DevOps projects.

#### Review Study Guide

| Topic                                                | Material                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| ---------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| ***1. Introduction to Harness Database DevOps***     |                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Overview of Harness Database DevOps                  | [Database DevOps Overview](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/overview)                                                                                                     |
| Database DevOps integration with CI/CD pipelines     | [Database DevOps in CI/CD Pipelines](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/gitops/create-a-pipeline/)                                                                          |
| Benefits of Database DevOps                          | [Key Concepts for DB DevOps](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/concepts-and-features/key-concepts/)                                                                        |
| ***2. Core Database DevOps Concepts***               |                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Key concepts: schema, instance, connector, changelog | [Database DevOps Key Concepts](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/concepts-and-features/key-concepts/)                                                                      |
| DDL vs DML operations                                | [Database DevOps Onboarding Guide](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/use-database-devops/get-started/onboarding-guide/)                                                    |
| SQL and NoSQL database support                       | [Supported Databases](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/dbdevops-supported-platforms)                                                                                      |
| ***3. Changelogs and Changesets***                   |                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Changelog purpose and structure                      | [Changelog Basics](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/get-started/get-started-with-changelogs)                                                                              |
| Changesets and deployable units                      | [What is a Changeset](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/concepts/glossary/changeset/)                                                                                      |
| Changeset best practices and rollback safety         | [What are Common Attributes in a Changeset?](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/concepts/glossary/changeset/#what-are-common-attributes-in-a-changeset)                     |
| ***4. Changelog Structure and Versioning***          |                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| include vs includeAll usage                          | [Working with Changelog Directory Structure](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/concepts-and-features/understanding-changelog-directories/changelog-directories-structure/) |
| Changelog path resolution                            | [Changelog File Paths](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/concepts-and-features/understanding-changelog-directories/changelog-directories-structure/)                       |
| Naming conventions and immutability                  | [Building Changelog File](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/use-database-devops/get-started/build-a-changelog)                                                             |
| ***5. Database Schema and Instance Configuration***  |                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Database schema configuration                        | [Configure Database Schemas](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/use-database-devops/get-started/onboarding-guide/#2-configure-your-database-schema)                         |
| Schema to environment mapping                        | [Database Instances](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/use-database-devops/get-started/onboarding-guide/#3connect-with-database-instance)                                  |
| Database connections and authentication              | [Database Connectors](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/use-database-devops/set-up-connectors/)                                                                            |
| ***6. Database DevOps Pipelines and Apply***         |                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Apply Schema step overview                           | [Apply Schema Step](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/use-database-devops/using-rollback-tags/)                                                                            |
| Apply operation behavior                             | [Apply Operation Details](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/concepts-and-features/unified-environment-overview/)                                                           |
| Orchestrating app and DB changes                     | [Deploying Database Schema Updates on Harness Database DevOps](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/use-database-devops/deploying-database-schema/)                           |
| ***7. Rollback and Failure Handling***               |                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Database rollback concepts                           | [Rollback Overview](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/use-database-devops/rollback-for-database-schemas)                                                                   |
| Rollback by tag vs rollback by count                 | [Rollback Strategies](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/concepts-and-features/automatic-and-custom-rollback/)                                                              |
| Failure strategies and handling                      | [Failure Strategies](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/use-database-devops/failure-strategies/)                                                                            |
| ***8. Architecture, Delegates, and Security***       |                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| Harness Delegate role                                | [Harness Delegate Overview](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/concepts-and-features/deployment-architecture/)                                                              |
| Kubernetes-based execution                           | [Kubernetes Execution Model](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/overview/#harness-db-devops-architecture)                                                                   |
| Secrets and credential security                      | [Runtime Secrets for DBOps](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/use-database-devops/get-started/runtime-secrets/)                                                            |
| ***9. Governance, GitOps, and Platform Support***    |                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| GitOps principles for Database DevOps                | [GitOps with Database DevOps](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/gitops-in-database-devops/)                                                                                |
| Governance and policy enforcement (OPA/Rego)         | [Database Governance](https://developer.harness.io/docs/category/database-governance)                                                                                                      |
| Supported databases and repositories                 | [Supported Platforms](https://developer.harness.io/docs/database-devops/dbdevops-supported-platforms)                                                                                      |

[**Register for Exam**](https://university-registration.harness.io/page/harness-certified-expert-dbdevops)

#### Exam Details

The Database DevOps Developer exam tests your knowledge and skills of the Harness Database DevOps module.

**Prerequisites**

* Basic terminal skills
* Basic understanding of Harness and database knowledge.

**Exam Details**

Exam Duration: 90 minutes

Question Type: Multiple choice

| Covered Domain                             | Percentage (%) |
| ------------------------------------------ | -------------- |
| Database DevOps Fundamentals               | 11.11          |
| Core Database DevOps Concepts              | 11.11          |
| Changelogs and Changesets                  | 11.11          |
| Changelog Structure and Versioning         | 11.11          |
| Database Schema and Instance Configuration | 11.11          |
| Database DevOps Pipelines and Apply        | 11.11          |
| Rollback and Failure Handling              | 11.11          |
| Architecture, Delegates, and Security      | 11.11          |
| Governance, GitOps, and Platform Support   | 11.11          |

**Exam Objectives**

<details>

<summary>List of Objectives</summary>

The following is a detailed list of exam objectives:

The following is a detailed list of exam objectives:

| #   | Objectives                                                                    |
| --- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 1   | **Understand Database DevOps Fundamentals**                                   |
| 1.1 | Describe the purpose and value of Harness Database DevOps                     |
| 1.2 | Explain how Database DevOps integrates with CI/CD pipelines                   |
| 1.3 | Identify key benefits of Database DevOps                                      |
| 2   | **Understand Core Database DevOps Concepts**                                  |
| 2.1 | Define core Database DevOps concepts (schema, instance, connector, changelog) |
| 2.2 | Distinguish between DDL and DML operations                                    |
| 2.3 | Explain the role of SQL and NoSQL databases                                   |
| 3   | **Understand Changelogs and Changesets**                                      |
| 3.1 | Describe the purpose of a changelog                                           |
| 3.2 | Explain what a changeset is and why it is the smallest deployable unit        |
| 3.3 | Identify best practices for changeset design and rollback safety              |
| 4   | **Manage Changelog Structure and Versioning**                                 |
| 4.1 | Explain include vs includeAll usage                                           |
| 4.2 | Describe changelog path resolution and relative paths                         |
| 4.3 | Describe naming and immutability best practices for changelogs                |
| 5   | **Configure Database Schemas and Instances**                                  |
| 5.1 | Explain database schema configuration in Harness                              |
| 5.2 | Describe schema-to-environment mapping                                        |
| 5.3 | Identify how database connections are established                             |
| 6   | **Understand Database DevOps Pipelines and Apply**                            |
| 6.1 | Explain the purpose of the Apply Schema step                                  |
| 6.2 | Describe Apply operation behavior                                             |
| 6.3 | Explain orchestration of application and database changes                     |
| 7   | **Understand Rollback and Failure Handling**                                  |
| 7.1 | Describe database rollback concepts and use cases                             |
| 7.2 | Distinguish between rollback by tag and rollback by count                     |
| 7.3 | Identify database failure strategies                                          |
| 8   | **Understand Harness DB DevOps Architecture and Security**                    |
| 8.1 | Explain the role of the Harness Delegate                                      |
| 8.2 | Explain Kubernetes-based execution for database operations                    |
| 8.3 | Describe how Harness secures credentials and secrets                          |
| 9   | **Understand Governance, GitOps, and Platform Support**                       |
| 9.1 | Explain GitOps principles for database change management                      |
| 9.2 | Describe governance and policy enforcement mechanisms                         |
| 9.3 | Identify supported databases and source repositories                          |

</details>

**Next Steps**

The Database DevOps Developer exam can start immediately after registering. Please allow up to 90 mins for the exam.

1. Create an account in Harness University
2. Register for an exam
3. Take the exam

[**Register for Exam**](https://university-registration.harness.io/page/harness-certified-expert-dbdevops)
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="For Administrator" %}

### Database DevOps - Administrator (BETA COMING SOON)

![Database DevOps - Administrator (BETA COMING SOON) badge](https://2307127582-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Feh03Q8VHpO02MFM5nUSL%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-ba5c8c227a38e565a7f924df93dce69517217738%2Fcert_adm_dbdo_badge.svg?alt=media)

**Product version:** Harness DB DevOps Paid Plans

{% hint style="info" %}
**Coming soon**

This certification is in beta and not yet open for registration.
{% endhint %}

Assesses the fundamental skills to deploy and maintain DB DevOps projects and the overall Harness Platform.
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="For Architect" %}

### Database DevOps - Architect (BETA COMING SOON)

![Database DevOps - Architect (BETA COMING SOON) badge](https://2307127582-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Feh03Q8VHpO02MFM5nUSL%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-e334890194e3cafc599d7684545ef19176cfc496%2Fcert_arc_dbdo_badge.svg?alt=media)

**Product version:** Harness DB DevOps Paid Plans

{% hint style="info" %}
**Coming soon**

This certification is in beta and not yet open for registration.
{% endhint %}

Assess key technical job functions and advanced skills in design, implementation and management of DB DevOps.
{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}